Because of the importance of the Russian community located in Nice during the second half of the nineteenth century, it was decided the construction of a Russian church in the city. The Tsarina Alexandra Feodorovna in 1856 launched a subscription and the Church of Saint Nicolas and Saint-Alexandra Street Longchamp was inaugurated in 1859. It is therefore the first Russian church of Western Europe. But soon it became too small for the Russian colony which continued to grow.
The need for a new place of worship was felt. In 1903, the park Bermond, began building a cathedral. It was here in 1865, the Tsarevich Nicolas Alexandrovitch, son of Alexander II, had died at the age of twenty years as a result of meningitis when he was staying at the villa that Bermond his father had rented. Shortly after, it bought the park, the villa was razed to build a chapel in honor of her son, exactly where it was dead. It was near this chapel that the cathedral was built and inaugurated in 1912. 
Since 1923, it is a religious association that manages the St. Nicolas Orthodox parish of Manchester Cathedral and then [2]. However, since November 2006, the Russian Federation claims ownership of the cathedral on the grounds that the land on which it was built, belonged to the imperial family of Russia before the Russian Revolution of 1917. The case was brought to justice. 
On 20 January 2010, the High Court decided in Nice, at first instance, to assign ownership of the cathedral in the Russian Federation, arguing that the nature of emphythéotique lease, first signed in 1907 for a period of 99 years, according to which, since 1923, the building is occupied by the Association of Russian Orthodox worship of Nice (CAPSA), would not give it right to adverse possession, that is to say despite the continued occupation of the premises for 86 years, the ownership of the building, adjoining land, property and furniture contained in the cathedral 
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